ACCA FR-Profitability 是什么?什么時(shí)候從price和quantity兩方面下手?

FR和國(guó)內(nèi)的中級(jí)財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)內(nèi)容很像,有大量的會(huì)計(jì)實(shí)務(wù)題,涉及各種會(huì)計(jì)處理,只有通過(guò)不斷刷題才能一步步鞏固提高。關(guān)于ACCA FR考試中的知識(shí)點(diǎn),我們需要特別記憶一下,想了解Profitability 是什么的,請(qǐng)看下文!

1.Profitability (先寫(xiě)facts,現(xiàn)象分析) →comments→discussion→ reason+indication(闡述原因以及說(shuō)明了什么,對(duì)未來(lái)有什么影響)

①sales growth rate : 在working里算

Comments:有沒(méi)有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者(競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者的sales growth rate)

有沒(méi)有通脹;有沒(méi)有過(guò)去數(shù)值

Reason:由于sales=P*Q  所以從price和quantity兩方面下手,看長(zhǎng)期和短期

②profit margin:GPM和NPM進(jìn)行對(duì)比

Gross profit margin & net profit margin 分成兩個(gè)板塊

Reason:分析成本,多用indicate,盡量別用*詞,expense

③operating profit margin=PBIT/sales(可控利潤(rùn))

大多是用于評(píng)價(jià)部門(mén)或個(gè)人

2.Assets turnover=sales/assets=sales/capital employee

和別人比資產(chǎn),和自己比=sales/investment

CE: non-current liability + OE

Assets=liability +OE=current liability + non-current liability+OE

Asset - current liability=non-current liability+OE

3.ROCE=profit/CE=PBIT/CE   和原來(lái)比上升還是下降

投資回報(bào)率=profit margin*asset turnover

4.EPS:earnings per share 站在股東角度看問(wèn)題

Earning=PAT-preference dividend

答題時(shí):對(duì)公司未來(lái)深入考慮,有道理即可,發(fā)揮自己的想象

Capital employee沒(méi)有說(shuō)明的話,一定是期初,考慮dep

5.Liquidity

Current ratio=CA/CL

Quick ratio=(CA-inv)/CL=quick assets/CL

Accounts receivable days=365÷credit sales/accounts receivable(可以是期末可以是平均)

6.Inventory

risks

Operating risks=contribution/profit

Financial risk=debt+OE=D/E or D/(D+E)

Interest cover=PBIT/finance costs

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