大家都知道，ACCA 考試的科目多，每科都有比較多的考點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。大綱對(duì)每科內(nèi)容的要求是不一樣的，學(xué)員若是想要有好的成績還要掌握ACCA重難點(diǎn)的學(xué)習(xí)。ACCA PM重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)Divisional responsibility accounting 中Investment center？
Division has costs and revenue
manager does have the authority
to in new assets or dispose of existing ones：ROI,RI
與收入，成本，Non-current
asset,working capital有關(guān)
Return on investment(ROI)=（Controllable profit÷Capital employed） x100%
1) Controllable profit: before tax.如果考試中沒有，那用相近的值也可.
2) Capital employed=Total Assets-Current Liability=Equity+Non-current liability如果考試中沒有，也可使用Net asset來替代，Non-current assets可以用cost記，net replacement cost或net book value.
3)
①Advantage：
a) Widely used and acceptable.
b)實(shí)現(xiàn)comparisons between divisions/companies of different sizes.
②Disadvantage：
a)導(dǎo)致功能歧視性 dysfunctional decision making.
b)隨age of the asset if NBV are used，來提高ROI(譬如折扣方式的改變，CE降低）
c)導(dǎo)致manipulation of figures to improve results(警如擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)規(guī)模來降低成本）
d)如果兩個(gè)公司 have different accounting policies，那么不能用ROI來比較業(yè)績
e) Focuses on the short-term performance
注意：ROI適用于同一公司的部門：ROCE適用于公司整體情況！
Dysfunctional decision
making.舉例：公司有2個(gè)項(xiàng)目ROIC
注意：計(jì)算時(shí)，還要考慮Cost of capital for the company，才能*終決定是否接受項(xiàng)目.
Residual income(RI)=controllable divisional profit-notional interest on capital
.Controllable division profit=Capital employed(same as ROI)
這里的名義利息有時(shí)也稱imputedinterest，就是Costofcapitalforthecompany.
